



A unanimous 11th Circuit panel ruled that the veto powers held by the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council violate the Constitution's appointments clause, because they let an unelected regional council overrule the commerce secretary with no appeal.
The case began when Florida seafood dealers Dominick and James Russo challenged Amendment 56, a rule that cut gag grouper catch quotas by 85%, arguing the council that helped produce it had no constitutional standing to wield such power.
Despite agreeing the council's structure was unlawful, the court declined to void the grouper rule itself, reasoning the council's veto authority was never actually exercised in that particular case since the secretary independently adopted the council's advisory proposal.
Neither the Pacific Legal Foundation, which represented the Russos, nor the federal agencies involved responded to requests for comment.
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