A report from Kevala, GridLab, and E3 finds that if just 10% of California's EV owners enrolled in vehicle-to-grid programs by 2036, they could supply a third of the state's targeted long-duration energy storage. California's battery storage capacity has already grown 2,100% since 2019 to cope with solar and wind intermittency.
The pitch is that idle EVs, already plugged in at homes and offices, could discharge power during peak demand instead of utilities building expensive new battery farms. Paired with demand-response measures like remotely adjusted smart thermostats, the report argues this could blunt the late-afternoon demand spikes driven by AC use and data centers.
The unresolved question is compensation: pay EV owners too little and nobody enrolls, pay too much and it costs more than just building the batteries. Report authors say owners could specify when they need a full charge, so nobody wakes up stranded.
The full dispatch is available from the source below.