Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping opened talks in Kyrgyzstan at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization's 25th-anniversary summit, joined by leaders including Iran's Masoud Pezeshkian, Turkey's Erdogan, India's Modi and Pakistan's Sharif. Xi praised 'more solid' China-Russia ties and 'brighter' prospects, while Putin said cooperation was 'developing on all fronts' — though the Kremlin's spokesman said Ukraine came up only 'in passing.'
The summit unfolds as Russia's economy grows more dependent on China amid its ongoing invasion, and as Iran's Pezeshkian, facing acknowledged 'economic difficulties,' argued continuing conflict serves no one's interest. The bloc says it represents 40% of the world's population and a quarter of global GDP, while member states remain individually entangled in wars, sanctions and trade disputes with the West.
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